Background: In the presence of arterial occlusive disease, neovascularization (NV) is a natural process that strives to preserve tissue perfusion through growth of collateral arteries (arteriogenesis) and growth of capillaries, arterioles, and venules (angiogenesis). Endothelial [....] » Read More
Background: Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a continuous, real-time method for evaluating regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) that can detect early declines in renal tissue oxygenation. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of NIRS in monitoring the perfusion of tra [....] » Read More
Anaesthetic emergency drugs are essential for safe practice; however, many prepared drugs remain unused and are disposed of daily. Prefilled syringes (PFS) may reduce medication errors and waste although are associated with increased costs.[1] Cycle 1 of our project found 48.1% o [....] » Read More
Background: Acute pain is one of the most common complications following surgery and has a detrimental effect on patients’ quality of life. It also poses significant healthcare and economic burdens. The role non-opioids play in managing post-surgical pain is increasing [....] » Read More
Introduction: Parastomal hernia (PSH) is a common complication following stoma formation, with surgical repair strategies including open, laparoscopic, and robotic techniques. Despite evolving operative approaches, recurrence and complication rates remain high, particularly in em [....] » Read More
Background: Anastomotic leakage is a major complication following colorectal resections. Perfusion of bowel ends at the anastomotic site found to be one of the most important modifiable risk factors in preventing anastomotic leakage. Fluorescence angiography (FA) using indocyanin [....] » Read More
Background: Multimodal prehabilitation aims to optimize patients’ physical and psychological readiness for surgery through interventions such as exercise, nutritional support, and psychological counseling. While Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols have imp [....] » Read More
Reinke’s oedema is a benign pathology of the vocal fold characterised by polypoidal degeneration of its subepithelial space, with resulting dysphonia and in severe cases dyspnoea. It is more common among females and smoking is a strong risk factor. Multiple conditions of th [....] » Read More
Primary hyperparathyroidism is a common endocrine disorder defined by abnormally elevated levels of parathyroid hormone associated with hypercalcemia. It is the number one cause of hypercalcemia in the community, with a prevalence of 0.84% and an incidence of 4 to 6 per [....] » Read More
Reinke’s oedema is a benign pathology of the vocal fold characterised by polypoidal degeneration of its subepithelial space, with resulting dysphonia and in severe cases dyspnoea. It is more common among females and smoking is a strong risk factor. Multiple conditions of th [....] » Read More
Purpose of Study: While opioids remain essential for acute postoperative pain management, inappropriate prescribing—especially at hospital discharge—contributes significantly to ongoing opioid use, dependency, and diversion. National guidelines such as the Opioid Anal [....] » Read More
Right iliac fossa pain is most common clinical presentation encountered in surgical opd. Usually during evaluation, diagnosis is uncertain in some cases and patient suffers a lot. Clinical symptoms usually not involved during evaluation of patient this also makes diagnosis more d [....] » Read More
Statement of the Problem: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is strongly associated with an elevated incidence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), which significantly contributes to increased mortality, morbidity. PAH resulting from aetiologies other than left-sided heart [....] » Read More
Introduction: This study aimed to assess management pathways and outcomes in sigmoid volvulus (SV) in an elderly population with significant morbidity and mortality. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on patients first admitted with SV between 2019-2023 within [....] » Read More
Introduction: Escape rooms are an innovative and increasingly utilized tool in medical education, offering a dynamic and interactive alternative to traditional didactic teaching. By embedding critical thinking, decision-making under pressure, and teamwork into a time-bound, [....] » Read More
Introduction: Laparoscopic surgery is an essential component of modern surgical practice. However, current formal laparoscopic skills training is often limited to trainees at the ST3 level and above. This project aimed to address this gap by introducing a structured, registr [....] » Read More
Background: ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) guidelines highlight early mobilization—including deep breathing exercises—as crucial for improved postoperative outcomes. Spirometry supports pulmonary recovery, but its use remains inconsistent in practice. [....] » Read More
Management of skull base pathologies remains a highly technical and multidisciplinary endeavor. These conditions are often rare, complex, and anatomically challenging, with limited high-quality, prospective studies available to guide evidence-based treatment. This scarcity of rob [....] » Read More
Stoma surgery is a mutilating procedure that requires the formation of an opening between the intestine or ureters and the abdominal wall and in most cases is permanent. Patients must apply a stoma bag for the collection of urine and/or feces. The author has designed an innovativ [....] » Read More
Tarlov cysts remain a topic of controversy, from the first publication of Tarlov in 1938 and even now a myriad of treatments have been proposed for larger sacral cysts. For several reasons which will be discussed, Tarlov cysts have the tendency to be regarded as incidental findin [....] » Read More
Introduction: Last 20 years I performed 1978 cases of hypospadias surgeries and made various innovations in the technique of surgery. Most innovations are reported for the first time in medical literature. Materials and methods: 1) 718 cases done with continuous interlocking s [....] » Read More
Background: A giant anterior sacral meningocele is a very rare swelling in the sacrococcygeal region and is difficult to diagnose preoperatively, as it does not usually present as an exophytic swelling. The aim is to present a newborn with a giant anterior sacral meningocele [....] » Read More
Introduction: Home mechanical ventilation became possible once electricity became widely available. From 1930 through 1952, it was via negative pressure body ventilators. Subsequently, it became possible via tracheostomy (TVS) or up to continuous noninvasive ventilatory supp [....] » Read More
This session will explore the integration of AI-driven infrared imaging and robotics to revolutionize postoperative care through telerounding. Dr. Brioschi will demonstrate how robotic-assisted thermal analysis can help identify complications at an early stage, improving patient [....] » Read More
Aims: There was anecdotal evidence of inconsistent antibiotic prescriptions for patients with acute appendicitis as there was only one existing antibiotics trust guideline that covers all intraabdominal infections. This audit aimed to investigate the compliance to the curren [....] » Read More
The integration of regenerative medicine with surgical practice is transforming the landscape of maxillofacial reconstruction. This presentation explores the emerging role of bioengineered soft tissues in facial surgery, where functional restoration intersects with aesthetic refi [....] » Read More
Study design: Single Surgeon Observation Study: 77 patients with VCF undergoing kyphoplasty over 18 months. OBJECTIVE: To highlight the relationships between age, sex, and spinal levels treated by kyphoplasty with balloon pressure, volume, and cement volume. Summary of ba [....] » Read More
Historically, patients undergoing emergency surgery are routinely instructed to fast from food for six hours and clear fluids for two hours before arriving to theatre [1]. However, in practice, patients often remain fasted for much longer periods of time, causing unnecessary unpl [....] » Read More
Historically, patients undergoing emergency surgery are routinely instructed to fast from food for six hours and clear fluids for two hours before arriving to theatre [1]. However, in practice, patients often remain fasted for much longer periods of time, causing unnecessary unpl [....] » Read More
Introduction: The coracoid process is integral to the functionality of the scapula, serving as a crucial attachment point for several muscles involved in shoulder movement and stability. In pathologies and fractures of the coracoid process, understanding the morphometric var [....] » Read More
Introduction: Extremity vascular injuries are best addressed timely and are associated with a high morbidity and mortality. This is a retrospective study from a developing world's level 1 public trauma center and vascular surgery referral centre which caters to a mu [....] » Read More
Aim: Effective post-operative pain management is critical for optimizing recovery and reducing complications in thoracic surgery patients. This study aimed to enhance pain control strategies by implementing a multimodal analgesia protocol and educational interventions, in ac [....] » Read More
Introduction: The Preferred Reporting Of CasE Series in Surgery (PROCESS) guidelines were developed in 2016 in order to improve the reporting quality of surgical case series. Since its inception, it has been updated twice, in 2018 and 2020, and has been cited over 1000 times [....] » Read More
Introduction: First released in 2017, the STROCSS guidelines have become integral for promoting high-quality reporting of observational research in surgery. However, regular updates are essential to ensure they remain relevant and of value to surgeons. Building on the 2021 u [....] » Read More
Background: The National Emergency Laparotomy Audit (NELA) is a UK-wide quality improvement initiative, established in 2012, aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality for patients undergoing emergency laparotomy through comparison against national standards and feedback. Com [....] » Read More
Background: Laparoscopic appendicectomy is among the most commonly performed emergency general surgical procedures and is often documented by junior surgeons. High-quality operation note documentation is essential to guide multidisciplinary care, facilitate communication and supp [....] » Read More
Objectives: Artificial intelligence (AI) has played a novel role in aiding healthcare system functions and enhancing the patient experience. Multidisciplinary teams (MDT) have become integral to disease and management planning, especially with the rising ageing population an [....] » Read More
Background: Total knee replacement (TKR) is a common procedure for advanced knee osteoarthritis. The choice of anaesthesia—regional anaesthesia (RA) versus general anaesthesia (GA)—can influence perioperative outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to [....] » Read More
Tibial plateau fractures are complex injuries affecting the knee’s load-bearing surface, commonly requiring surgical fixation. Traditional rehabilitation protocols favor delayed weight-bearing (DWB) to avoid complications, while recent evidence suggests early weight-bearing [....] » Read More
Objective: To compare the frequency of seroma formation in laparoscopic para-umbilical hernia repair with and without primary closure of defect. Method: The randomised parallel group study was conducted at the Department of Surgery, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakis [....] » Read More
Introduction: Acute diverticulitis, a common surgical condition, can be classified as uncomplicated or complicated. National guidelines recommend antibiotics only for patients with complicated diverticulitis, immunosuppression, or systemic illness. This quality improvement p [....] » Read More
Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSI) are among one of the dreaded complications of spinal surgery. These typically develop within the first 30 days following surgery. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been employed for the management of open wounds and soft tissu [....] » Read More
Introduction: Ankle injuries are among the most common presentations in an acute orthopedic setting. Appropriate radiographic analysis of the ankle is of paramount importance from a diagnostic perspective. According to the British Orthopedic Association Standard for Trauma g [....] » Read More
Aims: Intraoperative cell salvage (ICS) is a strategy for optimisation of patient blood volume. There are however, associated risks such as contamination and embolism as well as an associated cost of materials and staff members. As such, guidelines recommend use of ICS based [....] » Read More
Aims: Endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) has become an increasingly adopted intervention for aortic aneurysms in both elective and emergency settings. A recent systematic review comparing general anaesthesia (GA) vs local anaesthesia (LA) for EVAR demonstrated a sign [....] » Read More
The non-recurrent laryngeal nerve (NRLN) is an uncommon anatomical variant of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). A right-sided NRLN is exceedingly more common than a left-sided NRLN, and almost all are associated with abnormalities of the aortic arch, especially a right aberran [....] » Read More
Annular pancreas is an uncommon but well documented anatomical variant. Annular pancreas has a strong embryological basis, likely resulting from errors in rotation of the ventral duct of the embryological pancreas. Despite a low prevalence, annular pancreas is associated with sur [....] » Read More
Patients with burn injuries are at increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) and often require higher doses of prophylactic anticoagulation. Despite this, there is no universal guideline for VTE prophylaxis in this population, leading to significant practice variation. At t [....] » Read More
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols aim to optimize postoperative recovery by minimizing surgical stress, reducing complications, and promoting early mobilization and feeding. Anesthesia plays a critical role in the success of ERAS in colorectal surgery by contributi [....] » Read More
Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common oral cancer, representing up to 84- 97% of all malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity. The GLOBOCAN 2020, documented 377,713 new cancer cases and 177,757 deaths worldwide. Surgical therapy is the prime treatment option fo [....] » Read More
Purpose: Urological and sexual dysfunction are recognised risks of rectal cancer surgery; however, there is limited evidence regarding urogenital function comparing robotic to laparoscopic techniques. The aim of this study was to assess the urogenital functional outcomes of [....] » Read More
Introduction: The supraclavicular block is a regional anesthetic technique used as a sole type of anesthesia for upper limb surgery (mid-humerus through the hand), adjunct to general anesthesia or used for postoperative pain control. This block is an excellent alternative to gene [....] » Read More
Background: Segment 3 bypass surgery, which was once the most commonly done procedure, is the construction of biliary enteric anastomosis between segment 3 intrahepatic bile duct and proximal jejunum. Mostly it is done as palliative treatment for Malignant Hilar Biliary Obstructi [....] » Read More
Background: Carotid revascularization procedures, including carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting (CAS) both transvervical and transfemoral, are commonly performed to reduce stroke risk in patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Despite thei [....] » Read More
Background: Management of Gallstone Pancreatitis includes addressing both the acute episode and the underlying cause. Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC) should ideally be performed either during the index admission or within two weeks, after resolution. Early cholecystectomy [....] » Read More
Introduction: Most hospitals in the United Kingdom serving a population of 300,000-400,000 people admit about 100 cases of acute pancreatitis each year. It carries a wide spectrum of disease from mild (80%) to severe (20%) with prolonged hospital stay and risk of death. The [....] » Read More
Background: Extended venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis — typically low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for up to 4 weeks after major abdominal or pelvic cancer surgery — is supported by randomized controlled trials showing reduced postoperative VTE rates withou [....] » Read More
Hepatic artery aneurysms account for one fifth of splanchnic artery aneurysms and are usually asymptomatic until rupture, at which point, mortality reaches 40% . Appropriate identification can crucially inform intervention options such as endovascular repair or surgical resection [....] » Read More
Introduction: The management of abscesses has long been incision and drainage. Many hospitals still routinely culture the pus intra-operatively and discharge patients with empirical antibiotics. Method: This retrospective study in a small district general hospital aims t [....] » Read More
Introduction: Recent years have seen advances in Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) to colorectal surgery, including Laparoscopic and Robotic. Apart from shorter length of stay for Robotic assisted surgeries, most studies do not demonstrate a clear advantage of one MIS technique ov [....] » Read More
Introduction: The evolving landscape of surgical education has led to the exploration of alternative models for training environments, including the implementation of Barn-Integrated Operating Rooms (BOR). Early evidence suggests BOR improve theatre efficiency whilst maintaining [....] » Read More
Background: Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) is a scarless, minimally invasive technique avoiding visible neck incisions. It may improve surgical access in low-resource settings where aesthetic concerns, stigma, or limited wound care impact tre [....] » Read More
Background: The transoral endoscopic parathyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOEPVA) is a scarless, minimally invasive technique for parathyroid surgery, mostly indicated in primary hyperparathyroidism. Building on transoral thyroid surgery, TOEPVA offers direct midline acces [....] » Read More
Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are widely used for treating type 2 diabetes and obesity because they induce benefits like glycemic control and weight reduction. However, their further influence on perioperative anesthesia outcomes, such as gastr [....] » Read More
Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are widely used for treating type 2 diabetes and obesity because they induce benefits like glycemic control and weight reduction. However, their further influence on perioperative anesthesia outcomes, such as gastr [....] » Read More
Objectives: This study aimed to assess recurrence rates in incisional hernia repairs, comparing open and laparoscopic approaches, and to evaluate whether recurrence differed with or without the use of prosthetic mesh. A secondary objective was to explore the potential benefits [....] » Read More
Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is a life-threatening surgical emergency characterized by sudden interruption of blood flow to the intestines, often resulting in bowel necrosis if not promptly diagnosed and treated. Atrial fibrillation (AF), a common cardiac arrhythmia, significa [....] » Read More
Acute bowel ischaemia (ABI) is a life-threatening abdominal emergency characterized by sudden interruption of intestinal blood flow, leading to bowel infarction if not rapidly treated. Timely diagnosis and definitive management, particularly revascularization of the affected vasc [....] » Read More
Objective: To explore the relevant risk factors for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of lower limb occurring 3 months after joint replacement surgery. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 1,782 patients who underwent joint replacement surgery at [....] » Read More
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a widespread malignancy and has high morbidity and mortality rates. Identifying reliable biomarkers can help in improvement of diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the diagnostic po [....] » Read More
Title : Evolution of surgical oncology
Nagy Habib, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
Progress in medicine, anaesthesia and surgical techniques have reduced significantly immediate and early surgical mortality. On the other hand, intra-operative and post-operative survival have been limited in some cancers such as liver and pancreatic cancer. There has been [....] » Read More
Title : Advanced esophageal cancer palliative surgical therapy using isoperistaltic gastric tube
Jose Luis Braga De Aquino, Pontifical Catholic University, Brazil
Although malignant neoplasms of the esophagus remain a very common disease, their diagnosis might often come late. This issue combined with excessive weight loss due to dysphagia and the association with cardiopulmonary diseases resulting from excessive tobacco use, makes patient [....] » Read More
Title : Hypertension as a novel predictive marker for symptomatic cholelithiasis in post-bariatric patients: Coincidence or causation?
Jaafar AL Shami, King's College Hospital, United Kingdom
Introduction: As obesity is well known to be associated with gallstone pathology, new advances have shown the role hypertension may play in predicting the occurrence of the latter. This study analyzes the correlation between symptomatic cholelithiasis post-bariatric surgery and h [....] » Read More
Title : Laparoscopic resection of cecal duplication cyst in a 28-year-old male
Jaafar AL Shami, King's College Hospital, United Kingdom
Introduction: Cecal duplication cyst is a congenital anomaly that is rarely observed in adults. It has diverse clinical presentation with different treatment approaches. This article sheds light on a case of cecal duplication cyst in an adult patient where it was laparoscopic sur [....] » Read More
Title : Improving post-operative analgesia regimens after emergency major abdominal surgery
Shifa Bangi, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom
Background: Effective postoperative pain management is paramount for patient recovery after emergency major abdominal surgery, impacting morbidity, length of stay, and overall outcomes. Variability in analgesic prescribing, potential opioid overuse, and underutilisation of non-op [....] » Read More
Title : Use of capnography in theatres recovery
Sana Imtiaz, Adeenbrookes Hospital, United Kingdom
Use of capnography in theatres recovery: The use of capnography in anaesthetics is vital to aid in early detection of respiratory and cardiovascular complications. It is essential requirement by AAGBI guidelines to have capnography as part of standard anaesthetic moni [....] » Read More
Title : Using respect forms peri-operatively, to document patient wishes in case of deterioration, for patients with a frailty score of 5 or more
Molly Castagna, University Hospitals of Leicester, United Kingdom
Introduction: Frail individuals are making up an increasing proportion of our patients. Research shows that a clinical frailty score (CFS) of 5 or more greatly increases the risk of 90-day mortality post-operatively; with those with a CFS of 7 having nearly 25x the risk of those [....] » Read More
Title : Advancements and challenges in the application of artificial intelligence in surgical arena: A literature review
Andrew Wanees, The Royal Devon and Exeter University, United Kingdom
This literature review delves into the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of surgery, exploring its evolution, applications, and technological advancements. AI, with its ability to mimic human intelligence, presents a paradigm shift in surgical [....] » Read More
Title : Reinforcement of the esophageal hiatus using ligamentum teres during sleeve gastrectomy: Outcomes regarding gastroesophageal reflux disease and hiatal hernia
Andrew Wanees, The Royal Devon and Exeter University, United Kingdom
Background: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is a surgery that involves the removal of 75–80% of the stomach. It offers benefits like less postoperative pain and better recovery compared to open surgery, but it also carries the risk of developing gastroesophageal [....] » Read More
Title : Robotic colorectal resections york teaching hospital experience
Saad Masood, York and Scarborough Teaching Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
The colorectal division in a system of seven hospitals, serving a population of 800,000 over 3,400 square miles, completed the shift to a fully robotic surgical service. The workforce is 10,000 strong and the department has 10 colorectal consultants who perform over 250 laparosco [....] » Read More
Title : A comparative analysis of king vision video laryngoscope with macintosh and mccoy laryngoscopes in adults undergoing elective surgical procedure
Nikhil Mathew Simon, North Cumbria Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
Background: The need to secure a patient’s airway is not only of vital importance in any emergency situation but also a routine part of general anaesthesia. The use of the laryngoscope facilitates endotracheal intubation but the force applied by it on the base of the t [....] » Read More
Title : Evaluating thyroidectomies performed at a single NHS trust; outcomes and considerations
Divine Adegbie, Royal Stoke University Hospital, United Kingdom
Background: Around 22,000 thyroidectomies are performed annually in England. Common indications include FNA result (38%), compressive symptoms (24%) and thyrotoxicosis (19%). Recognised complications include pain, bleeding (re-operation), infection, vocal cord palsy (VCP) an [....] » Read More
Title : Surgical treatment of advanced esophageal achalasia
Jose Luis Braga De Aquino, Pontifical Catholic University, Brazil
Endoscopic and/or laparoscopic myotomy has shown positive results in non-advanced esophageal achalasia due to the development of this surgical technique currently. For the most advanced stages of the disease, esophagectomy seems to be the most indicated procedure due to the invol [....] » Read More
Title : Primary mid-ureter squamous cell carcinoma: A diagnostic conundrum in the absence of traditional risk factors
Saad Masood, York and Scarborough Teaching Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
Upper urinary tract carcinomas are mostly urothelial in origin and Squamous cell carcinoma of ureter only constitute 1-1.6 % of all urothelial tumors. Risk factors include chronic irritation, urolithiasis and chronic hydronephrosis. Prognosis is poor as 40 % of cases present with [....] » Read More
Title : Amniotic fluid embolism case series and literature review
Sandra Lynn Jaya Bodestyne, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
Background: Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but potentially catastrophic complication of pregnancy. It is characterized by acute cardiovascular collapse, altered mental status, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) occurring during the peripartum period. Althou [....] » Read More
Title : Effect of ascorbic acid on postoperative acute kidney injury in moderate to high-risk patients undergoing valvular heart surgery: A single center randomized controlled trial
Sarah Soh, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea, Republic of
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and devastating complication of valvular heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and vasopressor-sparing effects of ascorbic acid (AA) have been validated in patients with sepsis and septic shock. [....] » Read More
Title : Outcomes of short-stay laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A study of safety and efficiency at Trat Hospital, Thailand
Thawatchai Trimitwittayakull, Trat Hospital, Thailand
Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the standard procedure for treating symptomatic gallstones. The development of an outpatient treatment approach and a short stay model could help reduce hospital stay duration and costs while maintaining safety and efficiency compa [....] » Read More
Title : Effects of perioperative use of two doses of magnesium sulfate infusion on intraoperative blood loss in patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion surgery
Zahra Rahimi, Isfahan University, Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Background: In general, spinal fusion surgery causes heavy bleeding. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of two different doses of magnesium sulfate to control the bleeding in lumbar fusion surgery. Methods: This study was carried out as a randomized double-blind [....] » Read More